Damit Jugendliche den Übergang von der Schule in den Beruf gut bewältigen können, wird eine Reihe pädagogischer Angebote über einen längeren Zeitraum bereitgestellt. Welchen Beitrag diese pädagogischen Angebote, d. h. die Lerngelegenheiten der schulischen Berufsorientierung, im Einzelnen leisten, ist nicht vollumfänglich bekannt. Im Beitrag wird eine Studie vorgestellt, die langfristige Wirkungen ausgewählter Lerngelegenheiten auf relevante Dimensionen erfolgreicher beruflicher Entwicklung untersucht. Demnach erweisen sich informelle Gespräche, die Jugendliche beispielsweise mit Eltern und Freunden führen, auch auf lange Sicht als besonders förderlich für die berufliche Entwicklung, während standardmäßig genutzte Lerngelegenheiten wie z. B. Betriebspraktika oder Potenzialanalysen keine langfristigen Effekte zeigen.
On 20 December 2012, the Council of the European Union issued a “Recommendation on the validation of non-formal and informal learning”, which calls upon the individual member states to introduce relevant regulations by the year 2018. The Recommendation states the main elements of a validation process. The present article begins by outlining the background and intentions of these endeavours before moving on to specify the terminology used to describe the individual elements in more detail. Finally and by way of example, a brief consideration is undertaken of national developments with regard to the implementation of the Recommendation whereby particular attention is paid to the individual stages of the process.
On 20 December 2012 the Council of the European Union issued a “Recommendation on the validation of non-formal and informal learning” which calls upon the individual Member States to introduce corresponding regulations by the year 2018. To this end, the Recommendation specifies central elements of a validation process. The article begins by outlining the background and intentions of these efforts, and goes on to concretise the definitions of individual elements. Finally, examples of national developments on implementation of the Council Recommendation are briefly considered – with particular regard to individual steps in the process.
As a consequence of introducing the European Qualifications Framework (EQF), according to the Recommendation of the European Parliament and Council of April 23, 2008, “access to and participation in lifelong learning ... and the use of qualifications [should] be promoted and improved at national and Community level.” Furthermore, the EQF should build bridges between formal, non-formal and informal learning and contribute to the validation of learning outcomes. This article considers whether, and if so, how the EQF – and particularly the German Qualifications Framework for Lifelong Learning – can promote and strengthen the recognition of non-formal and informal learning. In addressing this line of inquiry, the authors make reference to two recent expertises on this subject.
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