The integration of refugees in training is currently one of the key socio-political challenges facing Germany. But how successful has this been so far? In the 2016 migration study, which was conducted by the BIBB in cooperation with the Bundesagentur für Arbeit (BA) [Federal Employment Agency], around 1,600 vocational education and training (VET) applicants from a refugee background were surveyed about their current situation and on their views and opinions. The results highlight the problems perceived by refugees on their way into training and the areas in which they would like to have support.
The integration of refugees in training is currently one of the key socio-political challenges facing Germany. But how successful has this been so far? In the 2016 migration study, which was conducted by the BIBB in cooperation with the Bundesagentur für Arbeit [Federal Employment Agency] around 1,600 vocational education and training (VET) applicants from a refugee background were surveyed about their current situation and on their views and opinions. The results highlight the problems perceived by refugees on their way into training and the areas in which they would like to have support.
Die Integration Geflüchteter in Ausbildung zählt aktuell zu den zentralen gesellschaftspolitischen Aufgaben in Deutschland. Doch wie gut gelingt dies bislang? In der BA/BIBB-Migrationsstudie 2016 konnten rund 1.600 Ausbildungsstellenbewerber/-innen mit Fluchthintergrund zu ihrer aktuellen Situation und ihren Einschätzungen befragt werden. Deutlich wird, welche Probleme Geflüchtete auf ihrem Weg in Ausbildung sehen und wo sie sich Unterstützung wünschen.
2014 saw a further decline in the demand and supply of training positions. However, with demand declining more strongly than supply, the situation slightly improved in the training position market compared to previous years for those seeking positions. In total, approximately 522,000 young men and women succeeded in entering training. This article shows the route they took to find their training position and the extent to which differences were evident compared to 2012.
Im Jahr 2014 gingen Ausbildungsplatzangebot und -nachfrage weiter zurück. Da die Nachfrage jedoch stärker zurückging als das Angebot, verbesserte sich die Ausbildungsmarktlage für die Nachfragenden wieder leicht gegenüber den Vorjahren. Insgesamt gelang es rund 522.000 jungen Männern und Frauen, in eine Ausbildung einzumünden. Der Beitrag zeigt, auf welchem Weg sie ihre Ausbildungsstelle gefunden haben und inwieweit Unterschiede gegenüber 2012 bestehen.
From the point of view of UNESCO inclusion in the sense of the leitmotif “Education for All” means that all people – without regard to special learning needs, gender, social and economic conditions – have the opportunity to share in high-quality education. For the dual system of vocational education and training this would mean granting immediate access to all young people interested in training after they leave school without producing their »training maturity« beforehand in the transition area. A corresponding reform of the training system would, however, be loaded with preconditions. The article describes how vocational education and training experts react to such a move and how they assess the chances of its implementation.
Aus Sicht der UNESCO bedeutet Inklusion im Sinne des Leitmotivs »Bildung für alle«, dass alle Menschen – unabhängig von besonderen Lernbedürfnissen, Geschlecht, sozialen und ökonomischen Voraussetzungen – die Möglichkeit haben, an hochwertiger Bildung teilzuhaben. Für die duale Berufsausbildung hieße dies, allen ausbildungsinteressierten jungen Menschen nach Verlassen der Schule unmittelbaren Zugang zu gewähren, ohne zuvor im Übergangsbereich ihre »Ausbildungsreife« herzustellen. Eine entsprechende Umgestaltung des Ausbildungssystems wäre allerdings sehr voraussetzungsvoll. Der Beitrag beschreibt, wie Berufsbildungsexperten auf einen solchen Vorstoß reagieren und wie sie dessen Realisierungschancen beurteilen.
According to UNESCO, inclusion in the sense implied by the slogan “education for all” means that all people – irrespective of special educational needs, gender, social and economic criteria – have the opportunity to participate in good quality education. In the German dual system, this would mean guaranteeing direct access to initial vocational training for all school-leavers interested in training, without having to establish their “apprenticeship entry maturity” beforehand in the transition system. Any corresponding reform of the vocational training system would depend upon meeting a vast number of prerequisites, however. The article describes the reactions of vocational education and training experts to such an initiative, and how they rate its chances of realisation.
Bei der Suche nach Ausbildungsberufen und -stellen treffen Jugendliche auf zahlreiche Angebote und Akteure, die ihnen den Weg weisen wollen. Angesichts dieser Vielfalt stellt sich die Frage, wie Jugendliche die Phase der Berufswahl und Stellensuche erleben und welche Angebote zielführend für sie sind: Haben persönliche Kontakte und Gespräche nach wie vor einen hohen Stellenwert oder wird die Aufmerksamkeit der jungen Menschen vor allem über das Internet geweckt? Und variieren Informations- und Suchstrategien mit ausgewählten soziodemografischen Merkmalen? Aktuelle empirische Hinweise zu diesen Fragen liefert die BA/BIBB-Bewerberbefragung 2012.
In their search for training occupations, young people come across numerous offers and market players intent on pointing them in particular directions. In the face of this diversity, the question that arises is how young people experience the phase of career choice and job-hunting, and what forms of provision they find most helpful: are personal contacts and conversations as high a priority as ever, or is the Internet the primary means of attracting young people’s attention? And do information-finding and searching strategies vary with selected socio-demographic attributes? Current empirical findings on these questions are supplied by the 2012 Vocational Training Applicant Survey conducted by the Federal Employment Agency (BA) and BIBB.
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